Arizona geology is a diverse and complex field of study that focuses on the geological formations and processes that have shaped the state of Arizona. This research area encompasses a wide range of topics, including the formation of the Grand Canyon, the presence of fault lines and earthquake activity, the distribution of mineral resources, and the impact of climate change on the landscape. Researchers in this field use field observations, mapping techniques, and geophysical methods to better understand the geology of Arizona and its implications for society and the environment.